When Will the U.S. Citizenship Test Change and What’s Different?

USCIS announced big changes to the civics test for naturalization applicants starting in the fall of 2025. The changes are the most significant in recent years, and they raise both the standards for knowledge of U.S. civics and the level of preparation required. Below is a breakdown of what’s changing, what’s staying the same, and when the new test goes into effect.

Key Changes from the Old Test to the New Test

• Larger Question Bank:
  • Old test: 100 possible civics questions.
  • New test: 128 possible civics questions.
• Number of Questions Asked at the Interview:
  • Old test: Officer asked up to 10 questions.
  • New test: Officer will ask up to 20 questions.
• Passing Score:
  • Old test: You needed 6 correct answers out of 10.
  • New test: You must answer 12 correct out of 20. The interview will stop once you either pass with 12 correct or fail after 9 incorrect.
• Special Rule for Older Applicants (65+ years old with 20+ years of permanent residency):
  • This rule remains. These applicants will continue to take a reduced version of the test with fewer questions. Applicants will need to study 20 questions and will be asked up to 10 questions in the interview.
• English Requirement:
  • No changes. Applicants must still demonstrate the ability to read, write, and speak basic English as part of the naturalization process. (Certain applicants may be exempt from the English requirement based on age and length of residency.)

Timeline and Implementation

• The final rule was published in the Federal Register on September 18, 2025.
• The new test will apply to anyone who files Form N-400 on or after October 20, 2025.
• If you file before October 20, 2025, you will still take the current test (2008 version).
• USCIS will publish updated study materials before the change takes effect. Some materials, including the 128 questions on the 2025 test version, are available now on the USCIS website. You can find the questions here.

Our Advice

If you or someone you know is considering applying for citizenship, this is a key moment to plan strategically. Filing before October 20, 2025 may be a smart option for those who prefer the current version of the test. For applicants who will be subject to the new test, starting preparation early is essential.

If you have questions about which test applies to you or how best to prepare, please reach out to our office. We’re here to guide you through the process and help ensure that you’re ready for success!